Ironmaking History in Manhole Covers and Grates

The continuing lockdown has allowed me to walk the streets of Redcar in more detail than ever before. Whilst there are many modern replacements, the story of our areas ironmaking past is still all around us.

Redcar Manhole
Borough of Redcar, Anderston Foundary, Middlesbrough
Redcar Grate
Borough of Redcar, Anderston Foundry, Middlesbrough, 1934

I have previously described the two Anderston Foundry example immediately outside my house. Manufactured in Port Clarence at the far end of the Transporter.

IMG_20200402_140813156_HDR
W. Richards & Sons Middlesbrough

W. Richard and Sons were based at the Britannia Foundry, North Ormesby Road.

Pease and Partners, MIddlesbrough
Pease and Partners

This Pease and Partners cover is likely to have originated somewhere in the Tees Iron Works site at Cargo Fleet.

Zetland Foundry, Loftus
Zetland Foundry, Loftus

The Zetland Foundry at Loftus despite its small size is still in existence today !

This final one is still confusing me, it appears to say Robinson and Bradley, Middlesbrough. But I can’t find any references to that company and its got the same logo as the one I assumed at the beginning to be Anderston Foundry !

Back to the drawing board perhaps ?

Robinson and Bradley, Middlesbrough

Borough of Redcar Grate and Manhole Cover – Anderston Foundry

I don’t think it’s possible to stay any closer to home as this is outside my house and I had never noticed it. Most grates have been changed and modernised over the years, but I seem to have an original from the Borough of Redcar. The 1934 date ties in with the construction of my street in Redcar East.

Redcar Grate
Borough or Redcar 1934

Anderston Foundry was based in Glasgow, but expanded to Middlesbrough in 1874, being based at Port Clarence on the North bank of the Tees, next to the Transporter Bridge.

Anderston Foundary

A couple of steps further away is a Borough or Redcar manhole cover, presumable also an original from 1934, i’m going to hazard a guess that the central AFC logo is for the Anderston Foundry Company.

Redcar Manhole

Cleveland Salt Company – Vulcan Street

In 1859 a borehole was started at Bolkow and Vaughans’ Middlesbrough Ironworks in search of a clean water supply for use in their boilers, instead of dirty water from the Tees. By 1862 at a depth of 1200ft a bed of rock salt was discovered that was almost 100ft thick.

Local geology

The Cleveland Salt Company was formed in 1887 to exploit this resource for the
fledgling chemical industry, Carl Bolckow nephew of Henry was one of the first
board members, fresh water was pumped down into the salt bed which it dissolved,
brine was then pumped out and evaporated in large pans to drive off the water and
extract the salt.

Derrick


The six original pans were initially fired by waste hot gas from the Middlesbrough Ironworks blast furnaces, this was expanded to thirteen pans in 1889. In 1920 the blast furnaces were blown out and the pans had to be converted to run on coal.

Brine Pans


A total of four wells existed in the companies’ lifetime, The original No.1 was
abandoned in 1893 due to a roof fall, No.2 and No.3 from 1888 and 1893 respectively
operated until around 1938 when they started to become choked. So No.4 which had
been an incomplete well started in 1896 was re-started, but was not completed until
1941 due to drilling problems and the outbreak of the Second World War.

Well section

In 1945 and 1946 there were roof falls in the remaining No.4 well after which the evaporation pans were never restarted. The company wound up in 1947 having produced 879,972 ton of salt in 59 years.

Well section after collapse


Making a few calculations, that suggests a volume of over 400,000 cubic meters, or
165 Olympic Swimming Pools. It’s an interesting thought that there must now remain
a huge water-filled void under the area, most likely under the river and Transporter
Bridge !

Vulcan Street

Today all that remains is the impressive red brick boundary wall on Vulcan Street
dating from 1887. This became a listed building in 1988, however it’s not totally
original as it was rebuilt from other interesting sections of the original building by the
Cleveland Community Task Force, Middlesbrough Council and the Davy Corporation
in 1982.

Pre-restoration
Pre-restoration

From the First to the Fourth Industrial Revolution

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A talk on 3D Photogrammetry and Photo Merging using modern digital technology to create three dimensional digital models and time slider photos.

By Adrian Glasser
volunteer with the Land of Iron Project
Friday 8th February 7pm
St. Matthew’s Church, Grosmont
Refreshments provided £3 donation towards funds

The Land of Iron project is a Heritage Lottery Funded project in the North York Moors National Park which is conserving, protecting and promoting the remains of the ironstone mining industry which was active around Rosedale from the mid 1800’s to 1926.

Although the subject matter of the Land of Iron project is from a by-gone era, the project is actively utilizing modern digital technology, including 3D recording of archeological sites and drone and hand-held camera photogrammetry, the process of using digital photographs to reconstruct three dimensional, digital models of objects, buildings and sites. We are currently in the midst’s of what is being called the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Recent digital technological advancements such as the internet, 3D scanning, computer aided design, coding, 3D printing, laser cutting, digital manufacturing, robotics, electronics and microcontrollers are transforming our lives. The Fourth Industrial Revolution is being driven by an explosion of knowledge and information that is readily accessible to virtually everybody to learn how to use these digital technologies to do and make virtually anything. In this talk, I will show, describe and demonstrate some of the Land of Iron projects that are using readily accessible, inexpensive and often free, digital technologies and software. This includes web based ‘time-sliders’ that that allow users to control the transition between original and modern photographs of sites in the Land of Iron project and a fully automated, but simple, motor controlled, geared, cardboard cut-out, photogrammetry turntable that rotates small objects and triggers a camera to capture photographs to reconstruct three dimensional models of artifacts. Although the talk will be of a technical nature, it is intended to appeal to adults and children of all ages and technical abilities. Please, everybody, come along to learn how technology from the Fourth Industrial Revolution is helping us to learn about what went on during the First Industrial Revolution.

Inland Jet Mining In the North York Moors – Friday 20th October

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Jet has become so inextricably linked with the sea cliffs around Whitby that many people are now unaware that it was extensively mined throughout the North York Moors and Cleveland Hills.

Hear about the research work of the North York Moors Caving Club and the Cleveland Mining Heritage Society in surveying this nearly forgotten industry in a talk by Chris Twigg

Friday 20th October 7pm
St. Matthew’s Church, Grosmont
Tickets £3 donation to church funds
Refreshments included.

End of Paddy Waddells Railway – Glaisdale

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The scheme to build Paddy Waddells Railway (or Cleveland Extension Mineral Railway to give its full name) was started in 1872 and intended to connect Kilton Thorpe to the ironworks at Glaisdale. The scheme struggled financially from the outset as the Eskdale mines and furnaces in the South all struggled, whilst iron mining and production became concentrated to the North in Cleveland. After year of inactivity the scheme was finally scrapped in the 1889. Glaisdale Ironworks having already closed by this point anyway.
Many parts of the infrastructure of the line were constructed, even though no trains ever ran.
End of Paddy Waddells
This bridge was constructed at Rake House in Glaisdale to carry the road over the railway.
End of Paddy Waddells

Aysdalegate Junction

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The posting was originally one I made for my “Our Industrial Heartland” project

One of the critical factors in the success of the industry in our project area was the construction of the Cleveland Railway, this was opened in November 1861 between the Skelton Old Shaft mines and Normanby Jetty, extending toward Boosbeck in 1862.  Branches were also constructed to Slapewath, Stanghow and Aysdalegate mines.
With the construction of the railways came numerous interesting bridges, tunnels and culverts.

This culvert (in orange) carries a stream under the branch line which went to Slapewath Mine
Culvert under branch to Slapewath
This small tunnel (yellow) went under the same branch line, but was dry for livestock and people to cross under the railway.
Underpass on branch to Slapewath
This much more sizeable tunnel (red) passed under the main line.
Underpass below main line at Slapewath branch
Considering they date from the 1860’s, they are all in excellent condition.

Picton Junction Brickworks

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The remains of of the Picton brickworks stand adjacent to the Eaglescliffe to Northallerton line just north of what was Picton railway station.
Picton Brickworks
It was opened by the Picton Junction Brick and Tile Company in the 1920s, using a 20ft layer of clay just below the surface (the flooded pits are immediately to the east)
Picton Brickworks
There are 5 double ended Newcastle Kilns which are 38ft long (the chimney is central with a loading entrance and stoke holes at either end)
Picton Brickworks
The kiln with the brick front still contains the last load of un-fired bricks which date from its closure in 1938.
Picton Brickworks